New Media and Digital Diplomacy in Saudi-Iraqi Rapprochement: An Academic Perspective

Abstract

shaping mutual perceptions and expanding cultural and social interaction beyond formal diplomacy. Using a qualitative design, the study draws on interviews with academic elites from Saudi and Iraqi universities and analyzes the data through Qualitative Analysis. Findings indicate that platforms such as X (formerly Twitter), TikTok, and Facebook help reduce psychological and informational gaps between the two societies by circulating shared values and everyday cultural narratives. Official digital channels strengthen institutional communication, while popular platforms foster social proximity and empathy. Academics emerge as influential actors in moderating digital discourse, correcting misconceptions, and producing credible knowledge-based content. Citizens also participate as active creators, using digital platforms to represent their culture and daily life, which makes new media a dynamic space for human interaction.  However, the effectiveness of new media is constrained by limited media literacy, weak institutional coordination, and uneven digital skills. The study recommends developing joint digital communication strategies, strengthening academics’ digital engagement capacities, and supporting community-driven initiatives that promote cross-cultural understanding.